Histogram

A histogram is a graphical representation that organizes a group of numerical data points into bins, displaying the frequency of data points that fall into each bin. Unlike bar charts, histograms are used for continuous data where bins represent ranges of values. The height of each bar shows how many observations fall into that range, helping visualize the distribution shape, central tendency, and variability of the data.

• Visualizing the distribution of continuous numerical data
• Identifying patterns, skewness, and potential outliers in data
• Comparing distributions across different groups or categories
• Understanding the shape and spread of your data
• Checking assumptions of normality in statistical analyses

• Bins: Consecutive, non-overlapping intervals of your data
• Frequency: Height of bars showing count or proportion in each bin
• Distribution Shape: Can be normal, skewed, bimodal, or uniform
• Density Lines: Smooth curves showing the approximate shape of the distribution
• Color Groups: Optional categorical splitting for comparison

• Choose an appropriate number of bins to balance detail and smoothness
• Consider adding density lines for smoother distribution visualization
• Use consistent bin widths unless there's a specific reason not to
• Include clear labels for axes and legend when using groups
• Consider the scale of your y-axis (count vs. proportion)
• Use transparency when comparing multiple distributions